🥮 Pastry Vocab
Pastry names are dough first, then shape. Puff is layers of butter. Choux is a cooked paste that puffs in the oven. Phyllo is paper. Some names are the dough. Some names are the finished bun. The names below are the ones in bakeries and recipes.
🧈 Dough Families
🥐 Croissant
flaky, buttery French pastry from laminated dough
Example: A croissant is yeasted and crescent-shaped. Puff pastry is the same layer idea without the yeast.
🇫🇷 French: Croissant
🇩🇪 German: Croissant
🇮🇹 Italian: Croissant
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Croissant
💡 Nuance: Viennoiserie. Pain au chocolat uses the same dough in a rectangle. Kouign-amann adds extra sugar between the layers.
flaky, buttery French pastry from laminated dough
Example: A croissant is yeasted and crescent-shaped. Puff pastry is the same layer idea without the yeast.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Crucasán / croissant🇫🇷 French: Croissant
🇩🇪 German: Croissant
🇮🇹 Italian: Croissant
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Croissant
💡 Nuance: Viennoiserie. Pain au chocolat uses the same dough in a rectangle. Kouign-amann adds extra sugar between the layers.
🇩🇰 Danish Pastry
sweet laminated pastry, often filled with fruit, custard, or cheese
Example: A cheese Danish is richer and sweeter than a plain croissant.
🇫🇷 French: Viennoiserie danoise
🇩🇪 German: Plundergebäck
🇮🇹 Italian: Pasta danese
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Folhado dinamarquês
💡 Nuance: More egg and sugar in the dough than a croissant. Filling sits on top or inside.
sweet laminated pastry, often filled with fruit, custard, or cheese
Example: A cheese Danish is richer and sweeter than a plain croissant.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Pastel danés🇫🇷 French: Viennoiserie danoise
🇩🇪 German: Plundergebäck
🇮🇹 Italian: Pasta danese
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Folhado dinamarquês
💡 Nuance: More egg and sugar in the dough than a croissant. Filling sits on top or inside.
📄 Puff Pastry
light flaky sheets from dough laminated with butter, usually without yeast
Example: Palmiers and mille-feuille start as puff pastry. A croissant starts as yeasted laminated dough.
🇫🇷 French: Pâte feuilletée
🇩🇪 German: Blätterteig
🇮🇹 Italian: Pasta sfoglia
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Massa folhada
💡 Nuance: The dough, not a finished bun. Phyllo is thinner and painted with fat, not folded with a butter block the same way.
light flaky sheets from dough laminated with butter, usually without yeast
Example: Palmiers and mille-feuille start as puff pastry. A croissant starts as yeasted laminated dough.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Hojaldre🇫🇷 French: Pâte feuilletée
🇩🇪 German: Blätterteig
🇮🇹 Italian: Pasta sfoglia
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Massa folhada
💡 Nuance: The dough, not a finished bun. Phyllo is thinner and painted with fat, not folded with a butter block the same way.
📜 Phyllo Pastry
paper-thin dough sheets for layered pastries
Example: Baklava is phyllo plus nuts and syrup. Puff pastry would be too thick and buttery there.
🇫🇷 French: Pâte phyllo / filo
🇩🇪 German: Filoteig
🇮🇹 Italian: Pasta fillo
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Massa filo
💡 Nuance: Also spelled filo. Filo rolls are any filling wrapped in these sheets.
paper-thin dough sheets for layered pastries
Example: Baklava is phyllo plus nuts and syrup. Puff pastry would be too thick and buttery there.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Pasta filo🇫🇷 French: Pâte phyllo / filo
🇩🇪 German: Filoteig
🇮🇹 Italian: Pasta fillo
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Massa filo
💡 Nuance: Also spelled filo. Filo rolls are any filling wrapped in these sheets.
🥧 Shortcrust Pastry
crisp, crumbly pastry for pies and tarts
Example: A lemon tart sits in shortcrust. A croissant is the wrong dough for that shell.
🇫🇷 French: Pâte brisée / sablée
🇩🇪 German: Mürbeteig
🇮🇹 Italian: Pasta frolla
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Massa quebrada
💡 Nuance: Cut-in fat, no lamination. Galettes and most tarts start here.
crisp, crumbly pastry for pies and tarts
Example: A lemon tart sits in shortcrust. A croissant is the wrong dough for that shell.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Masa quebrada🇫🇷 French: Pâte brisée / sablée
🇩🇪 German: Mürbeteig
🇮🇹 Italian: Pasta frolla
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Massa quebrada
💡 Nuance: Cut-in fat, no lamination. Galettes and most tarts start here.
💨 Choux Pastry
cooked dough that puffs into hollow shells - éclairs, cream puffs, profiteroles
Example: Choux paste is piped, then baked until hollow. It is not laminated.
🇫🇷 French: Pâte à choux
🇩🇪 German: Brandteig
🇮🇹 Italian: Pasta choux
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Massa choux
💡 Nuance: The dough. Éclair, cream puff, and profiterole are the shapes you fill.
cooked dough that puffs into hollow shells - éclairs, cream puffs, profiteroles
Example: Choux paste is piped, then baked until hollow. It is not laminated.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Pasta choux🇫🇷 French: Pâte à choux
🇩🇪 German: Brandteig
🇮🇹 Italian: Pasta choux
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Massa choux
💡 Nuance: The dough. Éclair, cream puff, and profiterole are the shapes you fill.
🥐 Laminated Buns
🌰 Almond Croissant
croissant filled or topped with almond cream and sliced almonds
Example: Day-old croissants often come back as almond croissants.
🇫🇷 French: Croissant aux amandes
🇩🇪 German: Mandelcroissant
🇮🇹 Italian: Croissant alle mandorle
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Croissant de amêndoa
💡 Nuance: Same dough as a croissant plus frangipane. A frangipane tart is that cream in a tart shell.
croissant filled or topped with almond cream and sliced almonds
Example: Day-old croissants often come back as almond croissants.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Croissant de almendra🇫🇷 French: Croissant aux amandes
🇩🇪 German: Mandelcroissant
🇮🇹 Italian: Croissant alle mandorle
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Croissant de amêndoa
💡 Nuance: Same dough as a croissant plus frangipane. A frangipane tart is that cream in a tart shell.
🍫 Pain au Chocolat
rectangular laminated pastry with chocolate inside
Example: Pain au chocolat is not a croissant with chocolate chips. It is a different fold.
🇫🇷 French: Pain au chocolat
🇩🇪 German: Pain au chocolat
🇮🇹 Italian: Pain au chocolat
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Pain au chocolat
💡 Nuance: Same dough family as croissant. Shape is a rectangle around batons of chocolate.
rectangular laminated pastry with chocolate inside
Example: Pain au chocolat is not a croissant with chocolate chips. It is a different fold.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Napolitana / pain au chocolat🇫🇷 French: Pain au chocolat
🇩🇪 German: Pain au chocolat
🇮🇹 Italian: Pain au chocolat
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Pain au chocolat
💡 Nuance: Same dough family as croissant. Shape is a rectangle around batons of chocolate.
🍇 Pain aux Raisins
spiral laminated pastry with pastry cream and raisins
Example: Pain aux raisins looks like a snail. Danish can look similar and is usually sweeter.
🇫🇷 French: Pain aux raisins
🇩🇪 German: Pain aux raisins
🇮🇹 Italian: Pain aux raisins
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Pain aux raisins
💡 Nuance: Also called escargot. Cream and raisins inside croissant-style dough.
spiral laminated pastry with pastry cream and raisins
Example: Pain aux raisins looks like a snail. Danish can look similar and is usually sweeter.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Caracol / pain aux raisins🇫🇷 French: Pain aux raisins
🇩🇪 German: Pain aux raisins
🇮🇹 Italian: Pain aux raisins
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Pain aux raisins
💡 Nuance: Also called escargot. Cream and raisins inside croissant-style dough.
🍯 Kouign-Amann
Breton laminated pastry with extra butter and sugar between the layers
Example: Kouign-amann caramelizes on the outside. A croissant stays flaky, not sticky-sweet.
🇫🇷 French: Kouign-amann
🇩🇪 German: Kouign-Amann
🇮🇹 Italian: Kouign-amann
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Kouign-amann
💡 Nuance: The name means butter cake. Sugar in the folds is the difference from a plain croissant.
Breton laminated pastry with extra butter and sugar between the layers
Example: Kouign-amann caramelizes on the outside. A croissant stays flaky, not sticky-sweet.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Kouign-amann🇫🇷 French: Kouign-amann
🇩🇪 German: Kouign-Amann
🇮🇹 Italian: Kouign-amann
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Kouign-amann
💡 Nuance: The name means butter cake. Sugar in the folds is the difference from a plain croissant.
💨 Choux Shapes
🍫 Éclair
long choux pastry filled with cream and usually iced
Example: An éclair is a tube. A cream puff is the round cousin.
🇫🇷 French: Éclair
🇩🇪 German: Éclair
🇮🇹 Italian: Bigné allungato / éclair
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Éclair
💡 Nuance: Shape plus icing. Same dough as profiteroles.
long choux pastry filled with cream and usually iced
Example: An éclair is a tube. A cream puff is the round cousin.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Éclair🇫🇷 French: Éclair
🇩🇪 German: Éclair
🇮🇹 Italian: Bigné allungato / éclair
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Éclair
💡 Nuance: Shape plus icing. Same dough as profiteroles.
☁️ Cream Puff
round choux pastry filled with whipped cream or pastry cream
Example: Cream puffs piled into a tower. Profiteroles are the smaller filled rounds, often with sauce.
🇫🇷 French: Chou à la crème
🇩🇪 German: Windbeutel
🇮🇹 Italian: Bigné
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Carolina / bombom de choux
💡 Nuance: English bakery name. Overlaps profiterole. Size and plating vary by shop.
round choux pastry filled with whipped cream or pastry cream
Example: Cream puffs piled into a tower. Profiteroles are the smaller filled rounds, often with sauce.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Profiterol / bollo de crema🇫🇷 French: Chou à la crème
🇩🇪 German: Windbeutel
🇮🇹 Italian: Bigné
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Carolina / bombom de choux
💡 Nuance: English bakery name. Overlaps profiterole. Size and plating vary by shop.
🍨 Profiterole
small filled choux puff, often served with sauce
Example: Profiteroles with chocolate sauce and ice cream. The shell is still choux.
🇫🇷 French: Profiterole
🇩🇪 German: Profiterole
🇮🇹 Italian: Profiterole
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Profiterole
💡 Nuance: Small cream puff with a French name. Not a laminated bun.
small filled choux puff, often served with sauce
Example: Profiteroles with chocolate sauce and ice cream. The shell is still choux.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Profiterol🇫🇷 French: Profiterole
🇩🇪 German: Profiterole
🇮🇹 Italian: Profiterole
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Profiterole
💡 Nuance: Small cream puff with a French name. Not a laminated bun.
📚 Layers, Folds & Shells
🌯 Filo Rolls
thin phyllo sheets rolled around a filling
Example: Spinach filo rolls. Baklava uses the same sheets in a pan, not a roll.
🇫🇷 French: Rouleaux de filo
🇩🇪 German: Filo-Röllchen
🇮🇹 Italian: Involtini di fillo
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Rolinhos de filo
💡 Nuance: Shape name. Dough is phyllo. Filling can be sweet or savory.
thin phyllo sheets rolled around a filling
Example: Spinach filo rolls. Baklava uses the same sheets in a pan, not a roll.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Rollitos de filo🇫🇷 French: Rouleaux de filo
🇩🇪 German: Filo-Röllchen
🇮🇹 Italian: Involtini di fillo
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Rolinhos de filo
💡 Nuance: Shape name. Dough is phyllo. Filling can be sweet or savory.
🍎 Strudel
stretched thin dough rolled around a filling, especially apple
Example: Apple strudel. Phyllo can stand in. Classic dough is stretched, not boxed phyllo.
🇫🇷 French: Strudel
🇩🇪 German: Strudel
🇮🇹 Italian: Strudel
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Strudel
💡 Nuance: A roll of many thin layers. Not a shortcrust pie.
stretched thin dough rolled around a filling, especially apple
Example: Apple strudel. Phyllo can stand in. Classic dough is stretched, not boxed phyllo.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Strudel🇫🇷 French: Strudel
🇩🇪 German: Strudel
🇮🇹 Italian: Strudel
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Strudel
💡 Nuance: A roll of many thin layers. Not a shortcrust pie.
🍯 Baklava
layered thin dough with nuts, soaked in syrup or honey
Example: Baklava is soaked after baking. A mille-feuille is cream between puff, not syrup on phyllo.
🇫🇷 French: Baklava
🇩🇪 German: Baklava
🇮🇹 Italian: Baklava
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Baklava
💡 Nuance: Phyllo plus nuts plus syrup. Sfogliatella is the Italian many-layer shell with a different filling.
layered thin dough with nuts, soaked in syrup or honey
Example: Baklava is soaked after baking. A mille-feuille is cream between puff, not syrup on phyllo.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Baklava🇫🇷 French: Baklava
🇩🇪 German: Baklava
🇮🇹 Italian: Baklava
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Baklava
💡 Nuance: Phyllo plus nuts plus syrup. Sfogliatella is the Italian many-layer shell with a different filling.
🌴 Palmier
crisp sugared puff pastry folded into a palm-leaf shape
Example: Palmiers are puff plus sugar, no cream. Mille-feuille is puff plus cream.
🇫🇷 French: Palmier
🇩🇪 German: Schweinsohr
🇮🇹 Italian: Ventaglio
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Palmier / palmeira
💡 Nuance: Also called elephant ear. Shape from folded puff, not choux.
crisp sugared puff pastry folded into a palm-leaf shape
Example: Palmiers are puff plus sugar, no cream. Mille-feuille is puff plus cream.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Palmera🇫🇷 French: Palmier
🇩🇪 German: Schweinsohr
🇮🇹 Italian: Ventaglio
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Palmier / palmeira
💡 Nuance: Also called elephant ear. Shape from folded puff, not choux.
📚 Mille-Feuille
puff pastry stacked with pastry cream
Example: Mille-feuille means a thousand leaves. Napoleon is the common English name for a similar stack.
🇫🇷 French: Mille-feuille
🇩🇪 German: Millefeuille
🇮🇹 Italian: Millefoglie
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Mil-folhas
💡 Nuance: Puff plus cream. Not baklava. Napoleon often means the same pastry in English shops.
puff pastry stacked with pastry cream
Example: Mille-feuille means a thousand leaves. Napoleon is the common English name for a similar stack.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Milhojas🇫🇷 French: Mille-feuille
🇩🇪 German: Millefeuille
🇮🇹 Italian: Millefoglie
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Mil-folhas
💡 Nuance: Puff plus cream. Not baklava. Napoleon often means the same pastry in English shops.
👑 Napoleon
layered puff pastry with cream or custard - English bakery name
Example: The ticket said Napoleon. It was a mille-feuille with icing on top.
🇫🇷 French: Napoléon
🇩🇪 German: Napoleon
🇮🇹 Italian: Napoleone
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Napoleão
💡 Nuance: Often the same as mille-feuille. Some versions add almond paste or extra icing.
layered puff pastry with cream or custard - English bakery name
Example: The ticket said Napoleon. It was a mille-feuille with icing on top.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Napoleón🇫🇷 French: Napoléon
🇩🇪 German: Napoleon
🇮🇹 Italian: Napoleone
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Napoleão
💡 Nuance: Often the same as mille-feuille. Some versions add almond paste or extra icing.
🐚 Sfogliatella
Italian pastry of many thin crisp layers and a sweet filling
Example: A sfogliatella looks like a lobster tail of pastry. Not a croissant.
🇫🇷 French: Sfogliatella
🇩🇪 German: Sfogliatella
🇮🇹 Italian: Sfogliatella
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Sfogliatella
💡 Nuance: Ricotta or semolina filling. Layers are stretched thin, closer in spirit to phyllo than to puff.
Italian pastry of many thin crisp layers and a sweet filling
Example: A sfogliatella looks like a lobster tail of pastry. Not a croissant.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Sfogliatella🇫🇷 French: Sfogliatella
🇩🇪 German: Sfogliatella
🇮🇹 Italian: Sfogliatella
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Sfogliatella
💡 Nuance: Ricotta or semolina filling. Layers are stretched thin, closer in spirit to phyllo than to puff.
🇮🇹 Cannoli
fried crisp tube filled with sweetened ricotta
Example: Fill cannoli just before serving or the shell goes soft.
🇫🇷 French: Cannoli
🇩🇪 German: Cannoli
🇮🇹 Italian: Cannoli
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Cannoli
💡 Nuance: Fried tube, not baked choux. The shell is the pastry. The ricotta is the filling.
fried crisp tube filled with sweetened ricotta
Example: Fill cannoli just before serving or the shell goes soft.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Cannoli🇫🇷 French: Cannoli
🇩🇪 German: Cannoli
🇮🇹 Italian: Cannoli
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Cannoli
💡 Nuance: Fried tube, not baked choux. The shell is the pastry. The ricotta is the filling.
🥧 Tarts, Galettes & Pockets
🍓 Fruit Tart
pastry shell with custard or cream and fruit on top
Example: A fruit tart shows the fruit. A turnover hides the fruit inside a fold.
🇫🇷 French: Tarte aux fruits
🇩🇪 German: Obsttorte
🇮🇹 Italian: Crostata di frutta
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Tarte de fruta
💡 Nuance: Shortcrust shell plus topping. Galette is the free-form rustic cousin.
pastry shell with custard or cream and fruit on top
Example: A fruit tart shows the fruit. A turnover hides the fruit inside a fold.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Tarta de fruta🇫🇷 French: Tarte aux fruits
🇩🇪 German: Obsttorte
🇮🇹 Italian: Crostata di frutta
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Tarte de fruta
💡 Nuance: Shortcrust shell plus topping. Galette is the free-form rustic cousin.
🍋 Lemon Tart
crisp shell filled with smooth lemon custard
Example: Lemon tart is set citrus custard. Bakewell is jam plus almond sponge.
🇫🇷 French: Tarte au citron
🇩🇪 German: Zitronentarte
🇮🇹 Italian: Crostata al limone
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Tarte de limão
💡 Nuance: Filling is the point. Pastéis de nata are custard in puff, not shortcrust lemon.
crisp shell filled with smooth lemon custard
Example: Lemon tart is set citrus custard. Bakewell is jam plus almond sponge.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Tarta de limón🇫🇷 French: Tarte au citron
🇩🇪 German: Zitronentarte
🇮🇹 Italian: Crostata al limone
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Tarte de limão
💡 Nuance: Filling is the point. Pastéis de nata are custard in puff, not shortcrust lemon.
🇬🇧 Bakewell Tart
British tart - pastry, jam, and an almond filling
Example: Bakewell has jam under frangipane. A plain frangipane tart may skip the jam.
🇫🇷 French: Tarte Bakewell
🇩🇪 German: Bakewell-Tarte
🇮🇹 Italian: Crostata Bakewell
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Tarte Bakewell
💡 Nuance: Jam then almond. Linzer is a nut dough with jam showing through a lattice.
British tart - pastry, jam, and an almond filling
Example: Bakewell has jam under frangipane. A plain frangipane tart may skip the jam.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Tarta Bakewell🇫🇷 French: Tarte Bakewell
🇩🇪 German: Bakewell-Tarte
🇮🇹 Italian: Crostata Bakewell
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Tarte Bakewell
💡 Nuance: Jam then almond. Linzer is a nut dough with jam showing through a lattice.
🇦🇹 Linzer Tart
Austrian nut pastry with fruit preserves, often latticed
Example: A Linzer tart wears a lattice. Linzer cookies are the same idea, smaller.
🇫🇷 French: Tarte Linzer
🇩🇪 German: Linzertorte
🇮🇹 Italian: Torta Linzer
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Tarte Linzer
💡 Nuance: The dough itself is nutty. Bakewell puts almond cream on shortcrust instead.
Austrian nut pastry with fruit preserves, often latticed
Example: A Linzer tart wears a lattice. Linzer cookies are the same idea, smaller.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Tarta Linzer🇫🇷 French: Tarte Linzer
🇩🇪 German: Linzertorte
🇮🇹 Italian: Torta Linzer
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Tarte Linzer
💡 Nuance: The dough itself is nutty. Bakewell puts almond cream on shortcrust instead.
🌰 Frangipane Tart
tart filled with sweet almond cream
Example: Pear and frangipane tart. The cream is also what hides inside an almond croissant.
🇫🇷 French: Tarte à la frangipane
🇩🇪 German: Frangipane-Tarte
🇮🇹 Italian: Crostata alla frangipane
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Tarte de frangipane
💡 Nuance: Frangipane is the filling. The tart is the vessel.
tart filled with sweet almond cream
Example: Pear and frangipane tart. The cream is also what hides inside an almond croissant.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Tarta de frangipane🇫🇷 French: Tarte à la frangipane
🇩🇪 German: Frangipane-Tarte
🇮🇹 Italian: Crostata alla frangipane
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Tarte de frangipane
💡 Nuance: Frangipane is the filling. The tart is the vessel.
🇵🇹 Pastéis de Nata
Portuguese custard tarts in a flaky pastry shell
Example: Pastéis de nata blister on top. A lemon tart is smoother and usually shortcrust.
🇫🇷 French: Pastéis de nata
🇩🇪 German: Pastéis de Nata
🇮🇹 Italian: Pastéis de nata
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Pastéis de nata
💡 Nuance: Custard in laminated or flaky shells. Pasteis de Belém is the famous Lisbon bakery version.
Portuguese custard tarts in a flaky pastry shell
Example: Pastéis de nata blister on top. A lemon tart is smoother and usually shortcrust.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Pasteles de Belém / nata🇫🇷 French: Pastéis de nata
🇩🇪 German: Pastéis de Nata
🇮🇹 Italian: Pastéis de nata
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Pastéis de nata
💡 Nuance: Custard in laminated or flaky shells. Pasteis de Belém is the famous Lisbon bakery version.
🫓 Galette
free-form French pastry, often fruit in a folded rustic crust
Example: A galette is not pressed into a tart tin. The edges fold over the fruit.
🇫🇷 French: Galette
🇩🇪 German: Galette
🇮🇹 Italian: Galette
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Galette
💡 Nuance: Rustic tart. In Brittany, galette can also mean a buckwheat crepe. Context tells you.
free-form French pastry, often fruit in a folded rustic crust
Example: A galette is not pressed into a tart tin. The edges fold over the fruit.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Galette🇫🇷 French: Galette
🇩🇪 German: Galette
🇮🇹 Italian: Galette
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Galette
💡 Nuance: Rustic tart. In Brittany, galette can also mean a buckwheat crepe. Context tells you.
🔺 Turnover
folded pastry around a sweet or savory filling
Example: An apple turnover is a triangle of puff. An empanada is the savory folded cousin.
🇫🇷 French: Chausson
🇩🇪 German: Teigtasche
🇮🇹 Italian: Fagottino
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Folhado recheado
💡 Nuance: English bakery fold. Empanada is the Spanish and Latin American savory version.
folded pastry around a sweet or savory filling
Example: An apple turnover is a triangle of puff. An empanada is the savory folded cousin.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Empanadilla dulce / turnover🇫🇷 French: Chausson
🇩🇪 German: Teigtasche
🇮🇹 Italian: Fagottino
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Folhado recheado
💡 Nuance: English bakery fold. Empanada is the Spanish and Latin American savory version.
🥟 Empanada
folded pastry with meat, vegetables, cheese, or other savory fillings
Example: A beef empanada is baked or fried shut. A turnover in a coffee shop is more often fruit.
🇫🇷 French: Empanada
🇩🇪 German: Empanada
🇮🇹 Italian: Empanada
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Empada / empanada
💡 Nuance: Savory pocket. Same fold idea as a turnover. Dough varies by country.
folded pastry with meat, vegetables, cheese, or other savory fillings
Example: A beef empanada is baked or fried shut. A turnover in a coffee shop is more often fruit.
Show translations
🇪🇸 Spanish: Empanada🇫🇷 French: Empanada
🇩🇪 German: Empanada
🇮🇹 Italian: Empanada
🇵🇹 Portuguese: Empada / empanada
💡 Nuance: Savory pocket. Same fold idea as a turnover. Dough varies by country.
🧠 Useful Distinctions
🥐 Croissant vs. 📄 Puff vs. 🇩🇰 Danish vs. 🍯 Kouign-amann
All laminated. Croissant is yeasted. Puff usually is not. Danish is sweeter and filled. Kouign-amann packs sugar into the folds.
All laminated. Croissant is yeasted. Puff usually is not. Danish is sweeter and filled. Kouign-amann packs sugar into the folds.
📜 Phyllo vs. puff
Phyllo is painted paper. Puff is a butter block folded through dough.
Phyllo is painted paper. Puff is a butter block folded through dough.
💨 Choux vs. 🍫 Éclair vs. ☁️ Cream puff vs. 🍨 Profiterole
Choux is the dough. Éclair is the long iced one. Cream puff and profiterole are the round filled ones.
Choux is the dough. Éclair is the long iced one. Cream puff and profiterole are the round filled ones.
📚 Mille-feuille vs. 👑 Napoleon
Often the same stack of puff and cream. Napoleon is the English bakery name.
Often the same stack of puff and cream. Napoleon is the English bakery name.
🥧 Shortcrust tarts vs. 🫓 Galette
Tarts go in a tin. A galette is folded free-form.
Tarts go in a tin. A galette is folded free-form.
🇬🇧 Bakewell vs. 🇦🇹 Linzer vs. Frangipane tart
Bakewell is jam under almond cream. Linzer is nut dough and lattice jam. Frangipane tart is almond cream in a shell.
Bakewell is jam under almond cream. Linzer is nut dough and lattice jam. Frangipane tart is almond cream in a shell.
🔺 Turnover vs. 🥟 Empanada
Same fold. Turnover is the English sweet-or-savory word. Empanada is the savory Iberian and Latin American pocket.
Same fold. Turnover is the English sweet-or-savory word. Empanada is the savory Iberian and Latin American pocket.
💬 Everyday Pastry Phrases
🥐 Same dough as a croissant. Different fold for the chocolate one.
pain au chocolat
🇫🇷 La même pâte que le croissant. Un autre pliage pour le chocolat.
🇩🇪 Derselbe Teig wie beim Croissant. Anderer Fold für die Schokoversion.
🇮🇹 La stessa pasta del croissant. Un’altra piega per quello al cioccolato.
🇵🇹 A mesma massa do croissant. Outra dobra para o de chocolate.
pain au chocolat
Show translations
🇪🇸 La misma masa que el croissant. Otro pliegue para el de chocolate.🇫🇷 La même pâte que le croissant. Un autre pliage pour le chocolat.
🇩🇪 Derselbe Teig wie beim Croissant. Anderer Fold für die Schokoversion.
🇮🇹 La stessa pasta del croissant. Un’altra piega per quello al cioccolato.
🇵🇹 A mesma massa do croissant. Outra dobra para o de chocolate.
💨 Choux is the dough. Éclair is the shape.
family vs. bun
🇫🇷 Le choux, c’est la pâte. L’éclair, c’est la forme.
🇩🇪 Choux ist der Teig. Éclair ist die Form.
🇮🇹 Lo choux è l’impasto. L’éclair è la forma.
🇵🇹 Choux é a massa. Éclair é a forma.
family vs. bun
Show translations
🇪🇸 Choux es la masa. Éclair es la forma.🇫🇷 Le choux, c’est la pâte. L’éclair, c’est la forme.
🇩🇪 Choux ist der Teig. Éclair ist die Form.
🇮🇹 Lo choux è l’impasto. L’éclair è la forma.
🇵🇹 Choux é a massa. Éclair é a forma.
📜 Phyllo for baklava. Puff for mille-feuille.
two layer systems
🇫🇷 Du filo pour le baklava. De la feuilletée pour le mille-feuille.
🇩🇪 Filo für Baklava. Blätterteig für Millefeuille.
🇮🇹 Fillo per il baklava. Sfoglia per il millefoglie.
🇵🇹 Filo para o baklava. Folhada para o mil-folhas.
two layer systems
Show translations
🇪🇸 Filo para el baklava. Hojaldre para el milhojas.🇫🇷 Du filo pour le baklava. De la feuilletée pour le mille-feuille.
🇩🇪 Filo für Baklava. Blätterteig für Millefeuille.
🇮🇹 Fillo per il baklava. Sfoglia per il millefoglie.
🇵🇹 Filo para o baklava. Folhada para o mil-folhas.
🇵🇹 Pastéis de nata are custard in flaky cups, not lemon shortcrust.
Lisbon tart vs. lemon tart
🇫🇷 Les pastéis de nata sont une crème dans des coques feuilletées, pas une tarte au citron.
🇩🇪 Pastéis de Nata sind Pudding in Blätterteigtörtchen, keine Zitronentarte.
🇮🇹 I pastéis de nata sono crema in coppe sfogliate, non crostata al limone.
🇵🇹 Os pastéis de nata são nata em copinhos folhados, não tarte de limão.
Lisbon tart vs. lemon tart
Show translations
🇪🇸 Los pastéis de nata son crema en vasos hojaldrados, no tarta de limón.🇫🇷 Les pastéis de nata sont une crème dans des coques feuilletées, pas une tarte au citron.
🇩🇪 Pastéis de Nata sind Pudding in Blätterteigtörtchen, keine Zitronentarte.
🇮🇹 I pastéis de nata sono crema in coppe sfogliate, non crostata al limone.
🇵🇹 Os pastéis de nata são nata em copinhos folhados, não tarte de limão.
🏆 Final Practice
English in the Real World:
Read the situation. Choose the more precise pastry word.
Read the situation. Choose the more precise pastry word.
Question 1 of 8
✅ Correct: 0
❓ Questions: 0
🎯 Accuracy: 0%